Most pitches you can tell at least to some extent how they're going to play beforehand, and if you're a good reader of a pitch you can often tell with near exactness. From time to time you'll get a surface that confounds everyone (the last Test, for instance) but that's pretty rare.
Purely and simply, your best bowlers can (don't neccessarily always) change according to conditions. If you've got two good fingerspinners it'd be madness not to play both of them on a turner, but equally there's no point whatsoever playing either on a green deck that's clearly going to offer them nothing and other bowlers plenty. And vice-versa for a seamer who doesn't swing it much and doesn't get it to do much off a deck with no grass on but will always exploit anything that's there if there's just a bit in it off the seam.
Obviously, you hope that someone who can bowl reverse-swing well can also bowl conventional-swing well, and vice-versa. If they can't, you should be looking not to swap them around but to help them learn to use the other method. If you can bowl one, you can bowl the other if you practice enough. Swing and the pitch are two completely different things.
Equally obviously, the best bowlers can exploit almost any pitch. A high-class seamer, or a really top-notch wristspinner (the once-in-several-generation types), should be selected regardless of pitch or atmospheric conditions when fit, but such bowlers aren't extraordinarily common and you can't expect more than a couple of them in one team at a time.